San Diego

San Diego, California
—  City  —
City of San Diego
Images from top, left to right: San Diego Skyline, Coronado Bridge, museum in Balboa Park, Serra Museum in Presidio Park and the Old Point Loma lighthouse
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): America's Finest City
Motto: Semper Vigilans (Latin for "Ever Vigilant")
Location of San Diego within San Diego County
San Diego, California Location in the United States
Coordinates: 32°42′54″N 117°09′45″WCoordinates: Click the blue globe to open an interactive map. 32°42′54″N 117°09′45″W
Country	United States
State	California
County	San Diego
Founded	July 16, 1769
Incorporated	March 27, 1850
Government
• Type	Mayor-council
• Body	San Diego City Council
• Mayor	Jerry Sanders
• City Attorney	Jan Goldsmith
• City Council members	List[show]
Area[1]
• City	372.398 sq mi (964.506 km2)
• Land	325.188 sq mi (842.233 km2)
• Water	47.210 sq mi (122.273 km2)  12.68%
Elevation	72–400 ft (22 m)
Population (Census 2010)
• City	1,301,617
• Rank	1st in San Diego County 2nd in California 8th in the United States
• Density	4,003/sq mi (1,545.4/km2)
• Metro	3,095,313
Demonym	San Diegan
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code	92101-92117, 92119-92124, 92126-92140, 92142, 92145, 92147, 92149-92155, 92158-92172, 92174-92177, 92179, 92182, 92184, 92186, 92187, 92190-92199
Area code(s)	619, 858
FIPS code	66000
GNIS feature ID	1661377
Website	www.sandiego.gov

San Diego /ˌsæn diːˈeɪɡoʊ/ is the eighth-largest city in the United States of America and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California,^[2] San Diego is known for its mild year-round climate, natural deep-water harbor, extensive beaches, long association with the U.S. Navy, and recent emergence as a healthcare and biotechnology enclave. The population was 1,301,617 at the 2010 census.^[3]

Historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States. Upon landing in San Diego Bay in 1542, Juan Cabrillo claimed the entire area for Spain, forming the basis for the settlement of Alta California 200 years later. The Presidio and Mission of San Diego, founded in 1769, were the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of newly independent Mexico, and in 1850, became part of the United States following the Mexican-American War and the admission of California to the union.

The city is the county seat of San Diego County and is the economic center of the San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos metropolitan area as well as the San Diego–Tijuana metropolitan area. San Diego's main economic engines are military and defense-related activities, tourism, international trade, and manufacturing. The presence of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), with the affiliated UCSD Medical Center, has helped make the area a center of research in biotechnology.